Tecnologia e Sustentabilidade - 15/05/2017
A Impressora 3D que constrói casas
O Contour Crafting é um processo construtivo que utiliza um dispositivo semelhante a uma impressora 3D de grandes dimensões para a execução de estruturas de Engenharia Civil. Criado pelo Professor Behrokh Khoshnevis da Universidade da Califórnia do Sul, permite a automação parcial da construção de paredes, lajes, vigas, pilares e outro tipo de elementos de edifícios.
A tecnologia baseia-se no fabrico por camadas, no qual um mecanismo extrusor de injeção, movido por um sistema de posicionamento robótico controlado por computador, aplica a argamassa em sucessão, de acordo com a geometria do projeto tridimensional a executar.
A cadência de aplicação do material aplicado, seja betão de cimento ou adobe por exemplo, tem em conta o tempo de secagem e cura bem como outras propriedades, como a trabalhabilidade ou o índice de vazios.
Graças à possibilidade de existência de múltiplos reservatórios e condutas de injeção, o sistema permite a alternância entre materiais, sem necessidade de paragem do processo para troca ou lavagem do injetor.
Apesar de existirem outros sistemas baseados nos mesmos princípios, o Contour Crafting tem a vantagem de permitir um
acabamento mais refinado dos elementos construtivos, graças à incorporação de espátulas de aço que funcionam como colheres de pedreiro.
O sistema faz a colocação automática de armadura de aço, utilizando componentes metálicos modulares, possibilitando a execução de elementos de betão armado muito semelhantes aos convencionais.
É possível também o reforço com fibras de aço ou a utilização de polímeros reforçados com fibras (FRP).
Outras potencialidades do processo incluem a colocação automática de elementos de pavimentos e azulejos, bem como a instalação das condutas de redes de águas, energia e comunicações. O Contour Crafting permite até a pintura automática final da estrutura, como se de uma linha de montagem se tratasse.
Fontes: Contour Crafting; Behrokh Khoshnevis; University of Southern California Off white x jordan 1 - 09/04/2023 10:23:40S [Responder]
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